Milgram found that proximity affected levels of obedience. Obedience, or submissive compliance, is the act of obeying orders from others.This differs from compliance, which is behavior influenced by peers.This is in turn different from conformity, which is behavior intended to match that of the majority.The inclination toward obdient behavior has been regarded as a personality trait. Factors For Increased Obedience. Stanley Milgram’s research on obedience helps us to identify the important features of a situation that make people more likely to obey orders, even if they disagree with what they are told to do. The first sign of obedience in the book is the lesson after Mr. Ross shows the students Two factors were associated with a significant decrease in obedience: the dog's attention to its handler and the handler giving additional verbal information preceding the actual verbal command. Factors Influencing Conformity and Obedience - 1839 Words ... Uniform | Topics | Psychology | tutor2u Social Psychology - factors affecting obedience Flashcards ... Less obedience was extracted from subjects in this case. Psychologists have examined dispositional (internal) factors that also contribute to obedience. Some of the important factors are: • Social isolation • The legitimacy of the authority • Buffers Milgram's Experiments and the Perils of Obedience Factors Affecting Obedience (Cultural Factors (Tajfel 1970 (64 boys -…: Factors Affecting Obedience Kahema SE, Mgabo MR, Emidi B, Sigalla GN, Kajeguka DC (2018) Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV Infected Patients in Nyamagana-Mwanza, Northern Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study. Social influence has three areas which are conformity, compliance and obedience. This is because authority figures often wear clothes that symbolise their position of authority. This request or order brings a change in their behaviour. Factors Influencing Obedience. In addition to this, data are gathered from published and unpublished sources. Factors Affecting Obedience (Cultural Factors (Tajfel 1970 ... And similar to conformity, obedience is also more likely to happen when there are no models of defiance. Agentic state – gapped handout handout number 1 We're more likely to disobey orders when we see others doing the same. Obedience: Situational Variables. Factors affecting Obedience One controversial experiment was performed by Stanley Milgram, who demonstrated that most people would harm and kill less victims with electric shocks if an authority figure told them to. In another variation, teachers were instructed to apply whatever voltage they desired to incorrect answers. Factors Influencing Conformity and Obedience The object of this paper is to critically evaluate factors influencing conformity and obedience. Factors Influencing Obedience. Obedience | Psychology Wiki | Fandom Factors affecting Obedience: Personality. What are situational and dispositional factors? The fact that Yale (a trusted and authoritative academic institution) sponsored the study led many participants to believe that the experiment must be safe. Dispositional factors affecting obedience. An adult told the subjects (48 4-year-old boys and girls) to carry marbles from one box to another. Based on these results, a second more controlled study was run with 12 dogs that were trained to a new (“uff”, i.e. Blass (1991) argued that Milgram payed too much attention to the situational effects on obedience and not enough to individual differences. Influence of social factors in the development of the young child’s moral judgment MICHELE RUFFY* University of Geneva ... obedience to the rule to a viewpoint taking into consideration other perspectives, intentions behind the acts and to internalization of moral rules. Milgram’s conclusions and theories about the factors that lead to obedience have been criticised. Factors Affecting Obedience – Psychology. Within obedience, the person is influenced by an authority figure, while conformity involves the person being influenced by the social group. Interestingly, the crime rates within a specific country may fluctuate over time. The four factors that influence obedience according to Milgram is; Legitimacy and closeness of the authority figure, remoteness of the victim,assignment of responsibility, and modeling or … This is because authority figures often wear clothes that symbolise their position of authority. Dispositional Explanation: Authoritarian Personality. Obedience in Action. A Level psychology looks at the following examples of social influence:. Poverty and socio-economic conditions Obedience can be defined as dutiful or submissive compliance. Obedience is generally distinguished from compliance, which is behavior influenced by peers, and from conformity, which is behavior intended to match that of the majority.Depending on context, obedience can be seen as moral, immoral, or amoral. It is assumed that without such an order, the person would not have acted in this way. – The four factors that influence obedience are authenticity and closeness of the authority figure, remoteness (neutrality) of the victim, assignment of responsibility, and representation or imitating others. The discussion will be focused on three factors: empathy, positive mood and social influence. SITUATIONAL ARGUMENT • Situational Factors are those present in the social situation that may influence aggressive behaviour 4. Uniform is a situational variable affecting obedience. Description, AO1 — Variations of Milgram’s Study Illustrating the Factors Affecting Obedience Rates. We are going to consider a number of personality factors which might affect the extent to which some-one is likely to obey orders. In Milgram’s research, the percentage of participants who were fully obedient fell from 65% to 20% when the experimenter wore his own clothes, rather than the ‘uniform’ of a white lab coat. It involves an individual or minority of a population persuading other members to accept their argument, even if this contradicts the more popular view held by the majority. and empirical related literatures were made mainly on factors influencing academic performance of student. Obedience and influence can mistakenly be considered to be quite similar, but there are important differences, even though both usually occur around the same time in relation to specific events in the book. ADORNO, T. (1950). Social power can be defined as the ability of a person to create conformity even when the people being influenced may attempt to resist those changes (Fiske, 1993; Keltner, Gruenfeld, & Anderson, 2003). Factors Affecting Obedience Amount Of Responsibility. Informational influence is when we turn to others to obtain and accept information about our reality. The Authoritarian Personality. Obedience involves following somebody with social power, where conformity involves people wanting to be accepted. Overview – Social Influence. Social Psychology Factors Affecting Obedience (Part 2) 2. Start studying Factors Affecting Obedience and Dissent - Culture. … Famous scientific experiments have sought to determine the factors influencing obedience. 2.3. Obedience is often associated with social dominance and submission. Don't forget to add a conclusion so that you can get into the top band (7-8 marks). In relation to obedience it means refusing to carry out orders (disobedience). According to your text, what are the four factors that influence obedience according to Milgram? The key terms associated with social influence Factors that affect bystander intervention Factors that affect conformity to majority influence Factors affecting obedience to authority figures How conformity and obedience influence crowd behaviour Ways to prevent blind obedience to authority Social influence studies by Piliavin et al. Latene’s Social Impact Theory. The following video clips are replications of Milgrams’ study on … These three factors help us understand the concept of conformity. The following video clips are replications of Milgrams’ study on obedience and Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison experiment. After running these experiments, Milgram and Zimbardo concluded that the following factors affect obedience: the proximity to the authority figure, the closer the authority figure is, the more obedience is demonstrated. By definition, obedience is "a social influence process involving modification of behaviour in response to a command from an authority figure" (Bordens and Horowitz, pp. These characteristics all affect whether a person is likely to obey or not. Uniform is a situational variable affecting obedience. Factors Influencing Conformity: Factors influencing conformity can be summarized as follows: 1. Evaluate the importance of individual differences in obedience. ego-weakness. My focus, however, will initially be on obedience. It differs from compliance (which involves changing your behavior at the request of another person) and conformity (which involves altering your behavior in order to go along with the rest of the group). This ability to withstand social pressure is influenced by both … asked Feb 6, 2019 in Psychology by kcmorrison13. One of the fundamental aspects of social interaction is that some individuals have more influence than others. Obedience explanations based on situational variables (Milgrim) Proximity The ‘teacher’ could hear the learner but not see him, when the learner and teacher were in the same room obedience rates dropped from 65% to 40% When the teacher had to physically force the learner (touch proximity variation) hand onto a shock plate obedience dropped to… Obedience is a type of social influence where in people try to accept, agree and respect the request and order of another person. Charles Hofling (1966) changed the obedience study by testing real nurses who were supervising a hospital ward during a night shift. These can be high or low self-esteem, confidence levels or even intelligence levels. In a face to face group conformity is greater than when the individual gets a chance to express his view secretly. Once the walls were completed, Ezra, the prophet, read from the book of the Law of Moses ( Nehemiah 8:1 ). Both variations (Meeus and Raajimakers) found similar effects, change in situation lowers obedience ; Variations show less pressure from authority resulted in lower obedience ; Situational factors can't help us understand how some obey and don't even when the situation is the same, so individual differences also play a key role Gross defines obedience as an outcome of social influence whereby somebody acts in response to an order from another person. Learn faster with spaced repetition. Factors That Increase Obedience . One of the fundamental aspects of social interaction is that some individuals have more influence than others. Isolation. And one thing that you might be wondering after hearing all of this is whether or not there is a certain type of person who is more likely to conform or more likely to obey. What do obedience studies tell us? Dispositional Factors Affecting Obedience. It is a necessity when it comes to maintaining order in society. Factors That Increase Obedience. Obedience is an active form of influence in that it is usually directly initiated by an authority figure and is typically external in that overt behaviors are generally the focus of commands. Obedience, in human behavior, is a form of "social influence in which a person yields to explicit instructions or orders from an authority figure". – The four factors that influence obedience are authenticity and closeness of the authority figure, remoteness (neutrality) of the victim, assignment of responsibility, and representation or imitating others. Social power can be defined as the ability of a person to create conformity even when the people being influenced may attempt to resist those changes (Fiske, 1993; Keltner, Gruenfeld, & Anderson, 2003). Social influence looks at how people’s beliefs and behaviours are affected by people around them. What are the factors that affect obedience? The topics of conformity, social influence, obedience, and group processes demonstrate the power of the social situation to change our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Lesson Objectives To outline Milgram’s variations and explain how these variations support the situational variable affecting obedience, including: Proximity Location Uniform Specification: Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational v Learn faster with spaced repetition. Blass (2009) also criticised the theory that obedience is higher when orders come from a legitimate authority. A study done at the Beckman Institute with experimenters in white lab coats and another subject present who does not obey B. - the proximity of the experimenter, teacher and learner, the location of the study and the presence of uniform were all factors within the situation that influence obedience - this perspective however has been criticised for offering an excuse or ‘alibi’ for evil behaviour It is assumed that without such an order, the person would not have acted in this way. Children encouraged to work cooperatively (interdependence) conformity/compliance might be more important for the group. However, some factors affecting the level of obedience had been identified by the Milgram’s experiment.
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